Diabetes A Deadly, Disabling, and Costly Disease - 780 Words

Diabetes is one of the most deadly, disabling, and costly diseases facing the nation at this time and the disease continues to be on the rise at epidemic proportions. Women tend to be hardest hit by diabetes with 9.6 million women having diabetes. This represents 8.8% of the adult population of women 18 years of age and older in 2003 and a two fold increase from 1995 (4.7%). Women of minority racial and ethnic groups have the highest prevalence rates with two to four times the rates of the white population. With the increased growth of minority populations, the number of women in these groups who are diagnosed will increase significantly in the coming years (Diabetes Sisters). By 2050, the projected number of all persons with diabetes will have increased from 17 million to 29 million (Chennai diabetes Centre). Some people may be able to control their type 2, diabetes symptoms by losing weight, following a healthy diet, doing plenty of exercises, and monitoring their blood glucose lev els. However, type two diabetes is typically a progressive disease - it gradually gets worse - and the patient will probably end up have to take insulin, usually in tablet form. Overweight and obese people have a much higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared to those with a healthy body weight. People with a lot of visceral fat, also known as central obesity, belly fat, or abdominal obesity, are especially at risk. Being overweight/obese causes the body to release chemicals that canShow MoreRelatedAnimal Experimentation And The Medical Field Essay1367 Words   |  6 Pagesin the realm of health treatment. New laws and restrictions made on testing is slowing research and making the experiments costly. These added obstacles are making the discovery of new treatments are cures difficult. While animal research has greatly expanded our knowledge of the body, diseases, and possible medicines, scientists are working to treat and cure deadly diseases like AIDS and cancer. Animal rights activists are fighting to stop this. Despite what activists say, there is not a singleRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagescorrective action? Be as specific as you can. 8 †¢ Chapter 1: Introduction 3. Large firms tend to err on the side of conservatism and are slower to take corrective action than smaller ones. Why do you suppose this is? 4. Which is likely to be more costly to a firm, errors of omission or errors of commission? Why? 5. So often we see the successful firm eventually losing its pattern of success. Why is success not more enduring? PART ONE E N T REPREN E U R I A L A D V EN T UR E S ThisRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesFlexible Spending Accounts 305 Modular Plans 306 Core-Plus Options Plans 306 Summary 307 Demonstrating Comprehension: Questions for Review 308 Key Terms 308 Employee Assistance Programs 332 A Brief History of EAPs 332 EAPs Today 333 Wellness Programs/Disease Management 333 ETHICAL ISSUES: Smokers and the Obese Need Not Apply 334 xiv Contents WORKPLACE ISSUES: The Union Drive 351 Objective and Scope of Collective Bargaining 351 Collective-Bargaining Participants 352 The Collective-Bargaining Process

The Value Of Customer Service As A Competitive Tool Essay

1.1 Explain the value of customer service as a competitive tool There are a number of ways a business can gain a competitive edge: excellent service, top of the range products, professional sales techniques and efficient and effective marketing strategies can contribute to the business and make us a market leader. Listening to our customers and acting on feedback can not only keep our loyal customers but encourage new customers. Having a recipe that incorporates all the above is a simple but effective method. Flanagan’s can gain customer loyalty and support by out-competing businesses that offer similar products and services. We do this through market research which will look at our competitors and look at offering something that our competitors don t. We may be more expensive with some products, but our customer service approach and our brand ensures the customers buy from us. All the staff is regularly trained to ensure that we deliver our promise. This ensures that our staff is given their utmost and even going the extra mile to help them. 1.2 Explain the process of mapping the customer journey and its importance in delivering effective customer service. A customer journey map is a way to describe all the experiences a customer has with your organization and the emotional responses they provoke – from their first impression when they walk into the store, to speaking to staff via the telephone or through other communication methods. Customer journey mapping canShow MoreRelatedBusiness Appraisal Through Social Media Analytics1454 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness Appraisal through Social Media Analytics Introduction: Social media has changed the business models of many organizations in engaging their customers to develop relationship with their products and services. Social media is also used to build their brands and maintain customer loyalty. Following figures gives an idea about scale of social media. According to searchengingewatch.com, worldwide 1.43 billion people had visited a social networking site in the year 2011. Facebook marketing infographicRead MoreEssay about Value Chain Analysis1201 Words   |  5 PagesValue Chain Analysis Many organizations do not achieve the profits they anticipate by using incorrect methods or models to determine the true costs of products and services. This failure to correctly assess the costs associated with business not only affects the profit margin, but the organizations competitive advantage as well. In order to asses whether the organization is failing to realize optimum resource allocation, the organization should look at the methodology first popularized by MichaelRead MoreComparison of the Resource-Based vs Market-Based View Approaches to Competitive Strategy1474 Words   |  6 Pagesview as approaches to competitive strategy. To what extent are they rival or complementary views? Competitive strategy, after Porter, came to be defined as the strategy of a business unit which seeks to achieve sustainable Competitive Advantage (SCA). The literature on strategy deems the market-based view (MBV) and the resource –based view (RBV) as two approaches to giving businesses the competitive edge they need to compete in their industries. Aside from having competitive advantage as their ultimateRead MoreA Critical Discussion Of Strategic Model Essay1599 Words   |  7 Pagescritical discussion of strategic model (Value chain analysis) Value Chain Analysis is a theory first given by Michel Porter. According to him it is a useful tool for working out how a company can create superior value for their customers. He also suggested that the more value a company can create, the more people will be prepared to pay a good price for their product or service. So every company should make some strategic decision how they can improve their value chain. For Banglalink it is very criticalRead MoreAmazons Value Chain Analysis1620 Words   |  7 PagesValue Chain Analysis In the 1990s, Amazon (Amazon.com) introduced a new business model for entrepreneurs choosing to use the Web as its place of business rather than the traditional brick and mortar companies. Amazon’s e-business and e-commerce business models generated significant revenue for the company and resulted in creating an effective and sustainable competitive advantage for the online retailer. â€Å"Amazon was one of the early movers to recognize the opportunity in both e-commerce and cloudRead MoreCase Study : Mackinnon Equipment And Services1584 Words   |  7 Pages Synopsis MacKinnon Equipment and Services is a mature business in an established market. The company has gone through several significant changes to include storefront expansions, client profile changes, a brand change, and branching into a new equipment sector. One thing that has remained constant is owner Sandy MacKinnon’s commitment to customer service. MacKinnon’s sees future opportunities for growth primarily through market development in current markets. This executive summary is an overviewRead MoreJyske Bank Case Answer1133 Words   |  5 PagesJyske Bank’s new positioning or competitive differentiation strategy? Ans: The Jyske Group is Danish bank that is owned and operated as a business. The company attaches great importance to treating their three groups of stakeholders- shareholders, customers and employees – with equal respect. If the balance shifts in favor of one or two of the groups, this will be to the long-term detriment of all groups (Zeithmal, Bitner and Gremler 1996). The banks core values are its fundamental cornerstoneRead MoreToyota s Quick Thinking Operations Management Essay824 Words   |  4 Pagesquick-thinking Operations Management (OM) team responded to the crisis with rapid efficiency, helping it to capture a competitive advantage over other Japanese auto makers and succeed in its recovery from this monumental natural disaster. I. Generating Value A. Evaluate how the company (Nissan) in the case study uses operations management functions to provide products and generate value for its customers. Support your claims with examples from the case study or outside sources. It takes a skilled, prepared, empoweredRead MoreCompany Analysis : Value Chain Analysis Essay1291 Words   |  6 PagesValue chain represents the internal activities a firm engages in when transforming inputs into outputs. Value chain analysis is a process where a firm identifies its primary and support activities that add value to its final product and then analyze these activities to reduce costs or increase differentiation. Value chain analysis is also a strategy tool used to analyze internal firm activities. Its goal is to recognize, which activities are the most valuable (i.e. are the source of cost or differentiationRead Morecase study1071 Words   |  5 PagesMia MKT 333, Case Study #5, Snap-On Tools October 17, 2014 Questions: 1. What are the four key components of the Snap-on marketing strategy? The four key components of its marketing strategy is the 4 Ps: Product, Price, Place, and Promotion. Product: Snap-On offers a huge variety of tools, from hand tools to work stations. These tools are made and tested to cater to its customers and meet their demands for quality and long-time performance. It also offers the most comprehensive custom took

My Favorite Place Free Essays

Everyone has their own one special place, a place where you can be you, where you can find peace and harmony. A place where you feel happy and comfortable being there. For some it’s a quiet place, for others it might be a hustling, bustling, full of people and movement place. We will write a custom essay sample on My Favorite Place or any similar topic only for you Order Now But all of these places have one thing in common, they are places where you’d run into times of both joy and misery. This place for me is my bedroom. It’s a clam and cool place were I could do anything. When you walk in to my room you see bright green walls and blue curtains. These are my favorite colors and make my room that much better. A 32-inch TV that is black and that I use a lot. My bed usually not made and messy is blue and grey and you just want to jump into it. Next to my bed is my light brown desk. This where I do my homework, eat, and use the computer. Then, there is my dark brown soft chair. You can smell the leather chair, the fresh new bed sheets. You can even sometimes smell last nights dinner. The refreshing smell of my colon. All these smell combine to create a calm and cool environment for me that I love. As soon as I walk in I can taste peace and quietness. I am just relaxed and it’s the best place to be after a stressful day. I can just turn on the TV and lay on my bed and all that stress goes away. The soft mattress helps a lot with releasing all the stress. These are the things that make my room my favorite place ever. The feeling of relaxation and calmness comes over me as soon as I walk into my room. I can feel the softness in the bed and pillow. It feels as if I am lying on a soft fluffy cloud. There is nothing going through my mind, just the thought of peace and happiness. The sound of peace and quite are the best sounds in my room. There is also the sound of the TV when its on and the sound of the board under the bed when you sit on it. Most importantly it is an relaxing feeling in my room and it is my favorite place. My bedroom is my favorite place because I can do anything there and it relaxes me. Everything about it is wonderful and I love it. I can relax in there when I’m tired and it make my day a lot better. My bedroom is the best place ever! How to cite My Favorite Place, Essay examples

The Grocery Store

Question: Write a descriptive essay .In this essay assignment, description will be the dominant technique used to develop a distinct impression of your topic. Answer: The grocery store of Mr. Robert is full of enticement. The customer can find different types of packed salad, milk, noodles, vegetables, selection of candies, celebrations, and other cooking products. The merchandizing of the store is done in such a way that the bypassing customers are also getting interest in the case of visiting the store. The vegetable section contains different rows with a single type of vegetable in each row. The first row is full of green cabbages, and those are kept one after another just like the basketballs are maintained in the sporting stores (Bangia and Palmer). Next row contains carrots those are kept in a semi-vertical way in the bin with the cone part is on the top. The circular basket contains potatoes of different shapes and sizes and is kept beside the vegetable bins. Finally, at the end of the passageway, purple eggplants are held in a verdant array. Eyes and taste buds will get very much fascinated by watching the vegetable section of Mr. Roberts grocery store. Mr. Robert kept the fruits in the section next to the vegetables. Fruits are available in the shop according to the seasonal variety. The summer nights are full of mangoes, pineapples, limes flaunt and bananas that creates a sweet summer collection of interests (Corstjens and Vanderheyden). Beside the aisle, the autumn collection of fruits is present. The US atmosphere is fond of crisps and apple in the season of autumn that make a favorable environment in the store. Fresh oranges, grapes, and Pippin make the customers feel clean and fresh. On the other hand, fresh smell and attracting view of the fruits section provide a turnover to the grocery store of Mr. Robert. The last section of Mr. Roberts store is full of the fresh and healthy food products developed in the factory such as packed salad, selection of candies, celebrations, juice, noodles and milk. These products are kept in the section next to the vegetables and fruits. Customers can take all the goods in their hand and see the characteristics and price of the products before making their choice of purchase (De Kervenoael, Hallsworth and Elms). Moreover, there is also the taster of all of the products that the customers can use to ensure the taste of the products according to their likes and dislikes. The juice lovers can get a variety of juices such as orange juice, grapes juice and strawberry juice that the customers can enjoy only by watching it (Liar). Customers cannot come back without drinking the juice in the Mr. Roberts grocery store. It can be a responsibility of the customers for shopping grocery, but Robert's store is full of delight. None of the products, vegetables and fruits are forbidden in the Roberts grocery store. The environment of the fruits and vegetable sections provides a familiar feeling to the customers. Visiting Roberts store is a willingness of the customers to get the ideas of a variety of products and sense the fresh smell of different types of fruits and vegetables. References Bangia, Deepika, and D.M. Palmer. "Grocery Shoppers' Experiences Using A Grocery Store Companion Podcast." Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior 46.4 (2014): S159-S160. Web. Corstjens, Marcel, and Ludo Vanderheyden. "Competition, Risk And Return In The US Grocery Industry." Review of Marketing Science 8.1 (2013): 121-293. Web. De Kervenoael, Ronan, Alan Hallsworth, and Jonathan Elms. "Household Pre-Purchase Practices And Online Grocery Shopping." Journal of Consumer Behaviour 13.5 (2014): 364-372. Web. Liar, D. J. "Normative And Descriptive Approaches To Organizational Ethics Post-Crisis: A Review Essay". Organization 22.1 (2014): 139-149. Web.

Personal Growth from Teaching Practice free essay sample

Our university is one of the few educational foundations in Egypt which focuses mainly on improving the abilities and skills of students and preparing them properly for the real life. t was successful to achieve its aim through the liberal educational system which it offers to its students and the practicality in the courses which is taught in the university. The linguistics course as well as any other course in the university contains a practical part; however, the practical part is the main part of the course. Therefore, we were able to gain the real life experience by teaching the workers. This course has enhanced a lot my traits as it gave me more self confidence, better presentation skills and sense of responsibility. Therefore, this course benefited me with desirable traits for teaching the workers and altered my perception of myself and the society. Patientce and being able to communicate effectively with others are two essential personal strengths acquired through taking this course. We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Growth from Teaching Practice or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These traits are important for teaching the workers and for the real life situations. Patience in teaching is believed to be accepting to repeat the explanation again and again without being bored and waiting for the answers from your students without saying the answers. I was taught to be more patient to be a good teacher. For instance, at the beginning of my teaching classes I was not used to wait for the answers from my students and I used to answer them; however, when the professor asked me to wait for thirty second, it worked and the student was able to answer. So by being more patient, the student has better opportunity to answer the questions and comprehend the information explained better by repeating. Consequently he gained more self confidence and was motivated to interact more in class. hen, being able to communicate effectively is another important personal strength which I recognized and improved it through this course. Through the course, I was taught that people have different styles of learning as there are the visual, the audio and the kenthastic learners. Therefore to communicate the information successfully I used to take in consideration the different types of learners. Also, the methods of communicating and correcting the error t o the students which I learnt in the course were effective and decrease the students repetition of errors. For instance, when my student makes an error and I know that he know the right thing I gave him the opportunity to correct himself. Therefore, he knew his error and seldom repeat it. I became more patient and better in communication skills through this course which affected my interaction with the workers. Then, taking this course has an effective role in altering my perception of myself and the society which I live in. through my experience in this course I recognized that I can be more self confident, make a change and be a good responsible person. First,I became more self confident of myself and what I can achieve. In other words, when I see the development of my students in learning English language and using it, I have become more confident of myself as a good teacher and a person with good communication skills. Second, I realized that I can make a change to my society by doing community work as that of teaching the workers. When I observe the progress of the workers in leaning and using English, I became more believed in my ability to make a change in the society. Finally, I realized that I can be a successful responsible person. I often come late to my classes and my appointments but, as I became responsible of the workers, I usually come to the teaching classes on time. Furthermore, I tried to do my best in teaching them as they are on my responsibility. For instance, I created extra exercises and I gave them extra classes so as I will be able to finish all of the material properly. Not only did the course made me discover new characteristics of me; however it changed to somehow my perception of the society. In other words, before dealing with the workers, I though that the people are the reason for what they achieve of social status or education according to the effort which they exert. However, after teaching the workers and realizing how much some of them are motivated to learn and know, I changed my opinion. I then now believe that sometimes the circumstances which the person lives in become the reason of what he or she achieves not only the effort exerted. Therefore, teaching the workers changed the view of my self and the society. To conclude, Teaching new skills and abilities essential for life challenges should be the ultimate goal of education. By taking this course, I was taught new skills and abilities. Also, I recognized personal strengths; such as patience and being able to communicate effectively with others which were beneficial in interacting with the workers. Moreover, some of the beliefs about myself and the society were changed from the experience of teaching the workers. I am looking forward to seeing the Egyptian governmental education providing the students not only with knowledge, but also with crucial characteristics required for life challenges.

Dissertation Format

Dissertation Format Dissertation writing is an exhaustive academic experience, the successful completion of which demonstrates the candidates ability to address a major intellectual problem and arrive at an independent, successful conclusion at a high level of professional competence. What Is a Dissertation A dissertation  could be thought of as an extremely long essay. However, there are some very key differences both in structure and purpose: A dissertation is normally broken up into chapters. You must identify your own area of interest, define your own questions and explore the subject in depth. You must form your own conclusions and defend them. Experience the process of producing knowledge. Learn how to manage a project from beginning to end. Demonstrate your communication, information-seeking, and intellectual skills. Demonstrate your competency in carrying out an independent research project. DISSERTATION WRITING Dissertation writing is an exhaustive academic experience, the successful completion of which demonstrates the candidates ability to address a major intellectual problem and arrive at an independent, successful conclusion at a high level of professional competence. Its results constitute an original contribution to knowledge in your field of study. Writing a custom dissertation is undertaking a big step towards your future academic career, and each student deciding to take the challenge inevitably faces certain complications on the way. If you feel blocked at the very beginning of the process, stall midway through, or lack compelling material then you have to come to the right place for the most comprehensive dissertation writing service. Dissertation Format When working on your dissertation, ?onsider its main parts which are the following: Abstract This is how your abstract should look like: Problem: What you have detected, and why you think this needs to be solved. Objectives:  What you have set to achieve, and how it pertained to the problem. Methodology: What way you have selected to come to the solution of the problem. Achievements: What points you have reached and in what way it is connected to your objectives. Attestation You need to write a short abstract where you admit that you are aware of what plagiarism is  and that all the work you have done is original, except for (if any) parts taken from (you need to specify the sources). Acknowledgments Here you can thank or mention anyone who has helped you develop your dissertation. You can also acknowledge any source of work that you have used in your dissertation. Table of Contents Writing a concise table of contents is crucial for a good dissertation, as it makes it easier to read. It is a good idea to use some of the text editing software features to help you automatically generate the TOC. List of Figures   It is a good idea to create a list of figures, that you use throughout your dissertation. They will be easier to find. Introduction Work on the introduction of your dissertation. Please consult your professor, as this would be the best way to create a proper introduction part for your dissertation. The Body of the Dissertation (also known as technical chapters) The technical body of the dissertation consists of several chapters. You need to follow a logical structure in how you present your work. If you are working on a process that consists of phases, please do not make your dissertation look like a diary. Each chapter can be subdivided into sections. Each section can consist of subsections if needed. Literature Review The review of literature used in your dissertation. Writing up this chapter will help you show your knowledge of the subject. Conclusion The conclusion of your dissertation should consist of the following subsections: Summary. You need to summarize your achievement within the dissertation. Evaluation.  Take a look at what you have achieved and how well your objectives had been met. Future work. Explain how your results could be improved. Discuss on the further development of your work. References List all the sources used in  your dissertation that you have referenced to. You can use auto-referencing feature of your word processing software. CUSTOM DISSERTATION WRITING We hope this information comes in handy when you start working on your dissertation. In case you need assistance with your dissertation, general pricing plan for dissertation writing is as follows (prices are in US dollars, cost per page): #get_view(blocks/prices2.php)

Design And Positioning Schools Of Strategy Essay

Design And Positioning Schools Of Strategy - Essay Example According to the research ten schools of strategy have different perspectives on the subject of strategy. These represent different schools of thought on strategic planning and formulation. The ten schools of strategy are design school, planning school, positioning school, entrepreneurial school, cognitive school, learning school, power school, cultural school, environmental school, and the configuration school. The design school of strategy defines strategy formation as a process of conception. Design school of strategy proposes a strategy that matches external opportunities with internal capabilities. The position school of strategy defines strategy as positions in the economic marketplace which are generic and common. Strategy should also be designed, keeping in mind existing and future competitors. The entrepreneurial school of strategy sees strategy making as a visionary process. Also this school makes the chief executive officer as the main formulator of the strategy. The plann ing school of strategy identifies strategy making as a formal process which calls for a mechanical and systematic process of strategy formulation with no or little creativity. The cognitive school sees strategy making as a mental process and takes input from different concepts of psychology. This school is largely conceptual in nature. The learning school stresses on learning from past experience and therefore sees strategy making as an emergent process. The power school of strategy argues that negotiating between different power holders within the organization is an important part of strategy formulation. ... The position school of strategy defines strategy as positions in the economic marketplace which are generic and common. Strategy should also be designed, keeping in mind existing and future competitors. The entrepreneurial school of strategy sees strategy making as a visionary process.( Mintzberg, et al, 2002). Also this school makes the chief executive officer as the main formulator of the strategy. The planning school of strategy identifies strategy making as a formal process which calls for a mechanical and systematic process of strategy formulation with no or little creativity. The cognitive school sees strategy making as a mental process and takes input from different concepts of psychology. This school is largely conceptual in nature. The learning school stresses on learning from past experience and therefore sees strategy making as an emergent process. The power school of strategy argues that negotiating between different power holders within the organization is an important p art of strategy formulation. The environmental school sees strategy making as a reactive process that is dependent on the external environment. The cultural school of strategy calls for group work in formulation of strategy. Finally, the configuration school of strategy sees strategy making as a process of transformation. The different schools of strategy can be grouped into three larger groups (Mintzberg, et al 2002). The first group is prescriptive in nature and consists of design, planning, and positioning schools. This group tells how a strategy should ideally be made. The second group tells how strategy is made and comprises of entrepreneurial, cognitive, learning, power, cultural, and environmental

Competitive Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Competitive Strategy - Essay Example The offshoot is that film companies or online retail sites such as Amazon.com can afford to analyze each consumer data and provide specific services and product characteristics that meet his profile requirements. The processes involved take a few seconds to finish due to the sheer speed of today's broadband technology. The data generated by Internet technology allows movie distributors to tailor their offerings according to several variables such as the demand, the availability, popularity, and other factors that are revealed in the individual client data. It has become easier, hence, for film companies to introduce price formation, price differentiation and price bundling (Meier and Stormer 2009, 21). The efficacy of the Internet as a film-selling platform is underscored by the research that found about 121 million Internet users per month streamed or downloaded video in the United States back in 2007 and that this was expected to swell to 165 million by 2011 (Plunkett 2009). Anothe r important dimension to e-commerce is the benefit brought about by the digitalization of films. As films are compressed into digital files, Internet users can download them easily besides buying hard copies such as those in DVD and Blu-ray formats. As a result film distributors can now offer different products and could package films either for sale, for rent or for subscription (OPEC 2009, 45).

There is no such thing as a rational decision. Discuss this assertion, Essay

There is no such thing as a rational decision. Discuss this assertion, and carefully justify the arguments and claims that you m - Essay Example This study aims at discussing rational decision-making and its existence from the roots. In order to throw light on every dimension of rational decision-making, the discussion would begin from understanding rationality, and will further assist in understanding what does rational decision signify. It will also include what elements assist one in understanding that the particular decision is rational enough. Apart from this, theories in relation to types of rationality would be discussed. The conditions considered for effective decision-making need to be understood in order to conduct a comprehensive analysis for stating whether rational decisions exist or it is just a myth. Rationality is considered to be a normative concept, which signifies any belief, desire or action. It signifies any conviction or concept, which is derived through proper reasoning (Adler, 1991). Rationality can be considered the characteristics of decisions which are supported by motives. Max Weber, a German socio logist proposed a theory of rationality, which explains four types of rationality. The first type of rationality put forward by him is purposive or instrumental rationality. This explains the expectation regarding the behavior of the other objects and the human beings present in the society. The second type of rationality is value or belief oriented. In this case the action is assumed to be essential for the person, such as ethics, religion, motives, etc. The third type of rationality is affectual, which assist in determining the specific affect of emotions or feelings. Weber considered this type of rationality to be meaningfully oriented rationality. The fourth type was habituation, which is traditional. Weber emphasized on these four types of rationality because he considered rationality and rational decision making to be the outcome of one of these types or a combination of these types of rationality stated by him. However, Weber’s point of view for rationality has been cr iticized by Habermansian, whose proposed theory was devoid of any social power or context, whereas Weber’s theory of rationality was strongly supported by values and power (Berg, & Hoffrage, 2004). A rational decision-maker actually chooses among the different alternatives or courses of action that are based on the ability of the decision-maker. This is because this process includes rational decisions that are not only backed by reasons but are also appropriate enough for achieving goals, and solving problems. While discussing the concept of rational decision-making, elements like rational choice and rational behavior of individuals needs to be also discussed. Rational choices are considered to be economic principles which are assumed to be made by those individuals who make logical and prudent decisions that benefit them and provide them satisfaction. This concept of rational decision-making is based on the rational choice theory. Rational behavior is the decision-making pro cedure which depends on the choices that would offer optimum level of utility or benefit. According to conventional theories of economics all those individuals who take part in any activity or action are rational. Rational decision does not always assist in generating profit because it is considered that sometimes

Child Learning Styles and Factors that Influence Them

Child Learning Styles and Factors that Influence Them In a nursery setting there are different types of learning styles: Now I will discuss the learning styles: Reference 1 Visual learning is a very good learning style and helps key workers understand every child’s learning method. This learning style is for children who get distracted by sound and talking easily, children often find it difficult to concentrate when there is a crowd around them. These types of children enjoy art and drawing and learn more from diagrams, they love to learn from a picture which gives children knowledge of the world. When I discuss more on Auditory learning style, I learn that this is more about thinking and listening. Children like to learn from listening to nursery rhyme tapes and tapes which helps them to think just as sounds. I found out children who are in the auditory category this helps children be more clever. Children like to listen to staff members reading to them and they like to choose interesting and long books so they can listen and look and think most of the day in the nursery environment. Finally when I discuss kinaesthetic learning style I find that this is more about children who cannot keep still at all, key workers have to keep them still during activities. These types of children are very active and enjoys playful all the time and never listens to anything else. They love activities where no one bothers them, such as playing physical for example running slow but not so fast. These learning styles are based on the early year’s foundation curriculum stage one of which is knowledge of the world, other one which is numeracy, literacy and so on. Visual learning activities can be: Listening to a story book but the child concentrating on other staff members cleaning after children’s playtime. One child distract from listening to nursery rhymes, as the key worker was communication with a parent outside. Auditory learning activities: A child can be distracted by another child shouting while playing a guessing game of thinking what instrument sound it could be. Child cannot think of what to play with because of so much shouting Kinaesthetic activities: Cannot keep still during an outdoor play activity, such as practising how to stand straight in a line. As a key worker we ensure children can concentrate when they join an activity, we help children by reminding children to play, we ask children questions on what children are playing. If there is a crowd around children we ensure we settle children down and stop children from crowding around children who are sitting down and playing. We also ensure we give children confidence to speak up when they cannot concentrate. We also give children time to think when we ask children questions. This is why we tell all children to listen. We support children’s listening and thinking by providing children with activities such as games so that they learn how to think and we read story books so they learn how to listen. We ask children to have silent time to think and listen to nursery rhymes quietly. If children never listen we keep a naughty chair for them to sit on. We help children who are very playful. We make sure we give these types of children different types of activities, we also help them by telling them please behave. We give behaving activities and songs to help children behave. If children behave we give them a well done star when they listen. Analyse the effect that detrimental issues can have on learning: Reference 2: study guide The meaning of detrimental issue is if a child is having difficulties in every day learning such as numeracy the child might need professional support a personal key worker to teach numbers. 1-10. Detrimental issues can be things like a child having mental health problem: The child will need a special caring key worker who is always with this child, the child will need to be observed to help the child with his development, the child will also need activities based on sam’s age, Sam will need to carry out same activities until he has mastered these activities to help sam reach to school and his higher studies. If we do not help sam, sam will loose his confidence and will become like no one cares. Sam might need professional help because he can be clever but sufferining from illness such as he might not be hearing well and this can make him weak. The key worker’s ensure all children are aware of Sam’s illness and give children knowledge on his illness so that Sam himself feels confident and so does children who play with Sam. Sam can sometimes loose his confidence, Sam can lose his self esteem, Sam can come across tiredness, and Sam can lose his high quality work to poor quality work as Sam looses confidence. Sam might also worry about what children can think of him this can also make him weak in his learning. To help sam we talk louder, use sign language and write words and sentence down to help sam understand. Sam can also have disability, sam still would need a key worker to support him, if it is extreme then sam will need his parent to stay with him and his key worker to ensure sam is in safe hands. Until sam is not confident he can not be left alone. Diabetics: if sam was to have this issue then his parent will have to tell every information to the person in charge and his key worker will need to be fully trained in how to care for sams health. If sam is on any medication the key worker needs to know asap such as if he has aathma, then the key worker will need to know when sam needs to take his medication. We as a nursery help Sam to be very confident when Sam start’s primary school. We give him as much support we can to build his confidence; we also help Sam know he will have this support during his school life. As a nursery we are very professional as we can be when it comes to a child being ill in their health. We ensure we train all our key worker’s and support all other staff member to help the key workers. These issues can lead a child to lose of confidence, less of self esteem, tiredness and poverty if they are not properly cared for. Evaluate the positive effect that differentiation has in the nursery setting: Differentiation – Difference’s of children Differentiation comes under different categories: Reference 3 Place learning intention Behaviour and vocabulary modelling Adaption of equipment Peer teaching Differentiated equipment depending on needs Outcome When I read all my information my finding of this question is that a child liking one thing and another child liking another thing, or one child doing one thing and another child do the other thing. I have also been to a few nurseries to learn so that I can carry out my research on this question. I learnt that a girl called Esha enjoyed talking so much and a boy called Siyan hated talking he loved to be quiet. I asked Esha so many question’s and she answered to every the question however Siyan was still sitting their quietly. I found out that Siyan needed more support in communication so I organised more activities based on communication, I noted down to pass on to my manager that he improved on talking to me more as the days went by. It is important that we help children reach their goals because talking gives children confidence and socialise with other children and play with other children. We organised alphabet activities and number activities and also brought interesting books from the libraries, to help children be around me and talk to me as a new member of staff. We have talking out loud activities such as saying out words loud for children to speak more. Children that speak so much we provide them with silent times to help them speak less and help them to control their talking. I also so that children were left handed and some were using normal right handed so I supported these children by giving them the correct scissors and helped children to cut and give children the confidence and more paper. As children got good with cutting I provided children with difficult cutting such as dot to dot picture cuttings. This is most important as children can lose their confidence and their emotions can change. If the correct resources is not provided then children will not be able to improve and will be left with no playful activities. Children develop from their age and what they are able to do. If they feel they can go up a level they go up a level if they cannot they do not go up a level. It is important to put children straight up as some children might feel lonely as they are left handed and they see other children as normal. I find that Children can also be working at different goals in their work books; this can be based on how fast children are at their learning and also shows who needs support and who does not need support. Some children may pick things up straight away in a group activity of vocabulary and assessing of behaviour, some children may be left behind in speaking out loud when they have to answer to questions some might shout the answers out some might be polite and wait. When working in a nursery i also found that children needed one to one support during I.T as some children pressed any key on the computer. We give one to one tutoring on computer for left handed children I also went to the activity cupboard to pick out easy play activities for children who need development as they are still weak and pick out difficult activities for the clever children. The result I found was that some children needed improvement some needed to be pushed up to the higher level. I had written a report of all children and passed on to the Management to help the children with their development. Discuss the positive effect that planning can have on learning and the ways in which formative and summative contribute to this: Planning can be brilliant for a child’s learning and would help a child learn better and help children with their development. Positive Children will gain good marks Children will concentrate more If we add more pre-school images children will learn more from looking at pictures Helps children to reach their goals Helps children to make improvements Helps children understand their weaknesses Helps children with encouragement to learn more To keep the child’s learning up to date Reference 4 To give children confidence we use: Formative assessment Summative assessment Now I will discuss the two assessments: As a nursery we use formative assessment: This helps the nursery to see how children are improving on their development in childcare. A child can be playing with Lego and other toys that are laid out. We use coloured paper to observe children. We write down how children play, we write down everything children play with, we write down what children talk about as they play, we write observations according to the curriculum. We also take pictures on what the child has played with for the day and everything they have done. We write down as much as we can to help children improve on the development in a nursery. We even organise a video to take of every child so that we can see how to develop children to a higher level. Observing could be gathering in your mind what you see from a child as their key worker then discussing this at the meeting how to improve the child’s development. Summative assessment – we gather all the above information from formative assessment and write up reports to discuss with parents. The above information will help the nursery stand out from others. It will keep the nursery organised, well presented, will bring clever children, will give smart and clean children and help the nursery be more lively. To do all the above we plan, we do this by organising every day morning meetings. Staff are fully trained to carry out these jobs. As a nursery we ensure our planning is well organised to help children reach their goal at the correct time and correct level for children. References: Reference 1 : http://learningguide.org/learningstyles.htm I used the meaning and also wrote in my own words. Reference 2: study pack – page 72 and 73 Reference 3: I used the hand book page 76 – 78 for meaning of what they are then wrote into my own words. Reference 4: I used the hand book page79-80 to find the meaning and wrote into my own words.

Lab Essays -- essays research papers

1 Abstract   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The experiment conducted regarding Memory Processes tested individuals on their ability to store and retrieve words. The levels on which words were stored were structural, the lowest level, phonetic, the next highest level, and semantic, the highest level of processing. The experiment is based on the recall and reorganization of the words from group they show during the experiment. The experiment conducted supported hypotheses regarding a subject’s performance on retrieving words at different levels. The independent variables were the encoding levels, and they manipulated the dependent variables by affecting the time in which a word could be received due to its placement on a processing level. This experiment was an extension of Craik and Lockharts Depth of Processing Model, that explored the effects of â€Å"deeper† processing by an individual, and the likely-hood that those words processed deeper were retrieved better. 2 Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1970, Craik and Lockhart proposed that there are different levels of processing a person uses while encoding information. Thus, they devised a model to represent these levels of processing called the Depth of Perception Model. In this lab, the levels of processing were based on a person’s ability to recall certain words according to the category in which they were presented to the subject. The three levels of these encoding categories were orthographic (structural) processing, or identified physical characteristics; phonetic processing, or the sound a word makes and that auditory relationship to other words; and semantic processing, or the representational meaning a word has when used in context with other words. Respectively, a word when recognized by the subjects passes first through orthographic processing, then phonetic processing, and finally semantic processing. According to Craik and Lockhart, when a word has gone through these three levels of enc oding it is more likely to be stored and later retrieved than a word that has only gone through the first level of processing. This lab tested a subject’s ability to store, or hold learned information for later use, based on the three levels the word was possibly processed on. There were thirty-six words presented to each subject in the Psyk.Trek experiment. These words were process... ... than basing an experiment on selected students with relatively the same ability, in the same college course, all participating for the same reasons. The internal validity in this experiment could have also been improved if serial positioning was included in the experimental data. Since serial positioning was important in the conduction of this lab, its lack of final representation was also a lack of internal validity. To further research on the topic of memory, not only can these faults be addressed, but also if words were repeated under the same encoding processes and then tested more than once, a better understanding of how effective each process is may be reached. Also different sections could be added to the experiment that called for the retrieval of a word on another level from which it was stored and on the same level it was stored. The reaction times it takes to process these words on different levels could prove as interesting data, either to support that a word is 8 retrieved at the same time for the level on which it was stored, or that a word’s retrieval depends on its context, not the level at which it was stored.

Ancient Greek Theatre Essay

In this essay I’m going to be writing about Ancient Greek Theatre the origins of it and how effects the modern world Theatre. The question I’m going to answer in this essay is how did Greek Theatre represent Greek culture? I’m going to use a variety of sources in this essay to provide historic information about Ancient Greek Theatre. I’m also going to look into the culture’s practices of citizenship, philosophies, gender, faiths, or origin myths. To begin with I’m going to start with the origins of how theatre started. Western Theatre was born in Ancient Greece in between 600 and 200 BC. Ancient Greek Theatre was a mixture of myths, philosophies, social commentary, dance, music and etc. But it begins as a religious ceremony. The Ancient Athenians created a theatre culture whose form, technique and terminology have lasted two millennia, and they created plays that are still considered among the greatest works of world drama. Athenians plays fo cused on the God Dionysus, which was a God of many things including fertility, agriculture, and sexuality. Athenians plays were legendary and were known to be the greatest works of world drama. The Athenians created the world of tragedy’s in plays which is a common concept in plays in the modern day world. Tragedy derived from the word tragos which meant goat and ode which means songs it was meant to teach religious lessons. Tragedies were viewed as ritual purifications. It dictated how people should behave and it also inquired free thought, in Athens it brought radical ideas of democracy, philosophy, mathematics and arts. It boasted philosophers like Plato, Socrates, Aristotle, Epicurus, and Democritus. The traditional tragedy in Aeschylus’ time (circa 475 BC) consisted of the following parts the prologue which described the situation and the set, and then there was parados an ode song that the chorus would sing when they made their entrance. Then there were the five dramatic scenes and lastly the exodus which is the climax and the conclusion. Around 484 BC there was a new playwright named Aeschylus which turned the dithyramb into drama. Aeschylus most prevalent work was The Oresteia. Aeschylus makes a point that has been used by Historians, Dramatists, Psychologists and Crime Writers; that the root of evil and suffering is usually human arrogance. In 468 BC Aeschylus was defeated and then there competition was Sophocles. Sophocles contributed the addition of a third actor and an emphasis on drama between humans rather than between humans and gods. Sophocles’ plays are about the folly of arrogance and the wisdom of accepting fate. Sophocles believed in the Greek gods, but his plays are covered with existential insights that have been pronounced many times since. Euripides was popularity surpassed Sophocles and Aeschylus. His plays were about real people he placed peasants alongside princes and gave their emotions equal weight. Tragedy’s wasn’t the only theatre in Athens there was also Comedy. Greek Comedy’s had two periods which was Old Comedy and New Comedy. In the comedies they used three actors a chorus who sang, danced and sometimes participated in the dialogue. The New Comedy was more aimed at the common people than the religious lessons. Menander was the creator of most of the popular comedy playwrights in that era. His characters wore classic models and the style he used created in emphasis on mistaken identity, romance and situational humor became the model for succeeding comedy, from the Romans to Shakespeare to Broadway. There were rules that they had to follow in theatre which was called the three unities. The three unities were time, place and action. The unity of time limits the duration of an action roughly, of a single day. The unit of place makes sure all actions were located in one place. The unit of subject represents every aspect of a play and how it relates to one topic. One must remember that Aristotle was providing these ground rules during the fourth century B.C.E. At the time, plays were performed outdoors and the use of multiple settings would be expensive and complicated to produce. The audience would likely get confused in the process of changing sets and props. Greek theatre had a major impact on the modern world because tragedies are used in most of the plays in the modern world. For example, The Death of a Salesman’s is a tragedy because the dad ends up dying at the end of the play. Tragedy’s gives modern day plays their edge; they are called dramas in the modern world. The definition of a Drama is A prose or verse composition, especially one telling a serious story, that is intended for representation by actors impersonating the characters and performing the dialogue and ac tion. This describes what the Greeks believed tragedy’s was. Then they helped the modern theatre world evolve into a greater aspect of life. The Greeks had men playing all the roles in the plays and had chorus was used to tell the stories and maintain a since of ceremony and ritual. It established the mood though rhythmic chanting and dancing. It connected the artist by making responses and asking questions. In modern theatre we used dancing and chanting and chorus for our musical plays and for the regular plays we use music to connect the audience with the mood of the play. Also instead of a chorus to narrate the play we just use a regular person to narrate the play. The answer to the question how did Greek Theatre represent Greek culture? Is Greek Theatre showed how the Athens was very religious and they used the tragedies of theatre to tell people how to ask and also give people a voice. Greek Theatre playwrights represented how the society behaved in that era. They used religious traditions as a main part of the plays which slowly disappeared later on the era and culture transformed into playwrights that dealt with common people instead of Gods and how you should worship them. Greek theatre was greatly influential in the modern world and the plays are still used today. Bibliography 1. Ceehorn, Ashley. What Are the Three Unities in Greek Theater? Read more: What Are the Three Unities in Greek Theater? | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/info_8187974_three-unities-greek-theater.html#ixzz1bh3UB4gq. N.p.: eHow Contributor, 2011. 2. Http://anarchon.tripod.com/indexGREEKTH.html. 2004. 3. Girard, Phyllis M. Greek Theatre: A Reflection of Ancient Greek Society (A Program Alternative for High School Gifted Students). Programs for Gifted Students. N.p.: Guides – Classroom – Teacher, 1978. 4. Phillips, K. Ancient Greek Theatre. 2000.

Free Essays on The House Of Mirth

The novel, The House of Mirth, by Edith Wharton, is centered around the young Lilly Barton as she tries to rise in society and marry rich. Lilly Bart is an attractive woman but she is still not married at age 29. Ever since her mother died Lily began to live with her aunt, Mrs. Peniston. Although she is living at Mrs. Peniston’s house, Lily spends much of her time staying at the Bellomont, the large estate of Gus and Judy Trenor. Judy regularly throws huge, extravagant parties for New York’s upper-echelon in society. At these parties, most of the women play Bridge, which ends up costing Lilly a great deal of money, since she is unlucky and terrible at the game. Even though she always ends up losing money and has no constant stream of income, Lilly always manages to play. Throughout The House of Mirth, there are two constant underlying themes: wealth and marriage. Sadly, Lilly seems to miss out on many things because of her fanaticism with both. When it comes to marriage, it seems as though Lilly cares less about the kind of person he is and only cares about a man’s money and place in society. In Book One, Lilly decides that she wants to marry Percy Gryce, even though she clearly states that she thinks he is incredibly boring. Unfortunately, the one man Lilly actually loves, Lawerence Selden, does not have enough money for her to marry him. While at the Bellmont, Lilly learns about the stock market and decides that she would like to get involved in an investment. She asks Gus Trenor to invest a very small amount, different from what he is used to dealing with, for her. Gus agrees enthusiastically because he has, for lack of a better word, a â€Å"crush† on Lilly and is willing to do anything to spend time with her. The stock market pays off for Lilly and she now has a steady income. The money does not last long, though, as she spends it lavishly on clothing and other items. Later, Lilly learns that Trenor has not been ... Free Essays on The House Of Mirth Free Essays on The House Of Mirth The novel, The House of Mirth, by Edith Wharton, is centered around the young Lilly Barton as she tries to rise in society and marry rich. Lilly Bart is an attractive woman but she is still not married at age 29. Ever since her mother died Lily began to live with her aunt, Mrs. Peniston. Although she is living at Mrs. Peniston’s house, Lily spends much of her time staying at the Bellomont, the large estate of Gus and Judy Trenor. Judy regularly throws huge, extravagant parties for New York’s upper-echelon in society. At these parties, most of the women play Bridge, which ends up costing Lilly a great deal of money, since she is unlucky and terrible at the game. Even though she always ends up losing money and has no constant stream of income, Lilly always manages to play. Throughout The House of Mirth, there are two constant underlying themes: wealth and marriage. Sadly, Lilly seems to miss out on many things because of her fanaticism with both. When it comes to marriage, it seems as though Lilly cares less about the kind of person he is and only cares about a man’s money and place in society. In Book One, Lilly decides that she wants to marry Percy Gryce, even though she clearly states that she thinks he is incredibly boring. Unfortunately, the one man Lilly actually loves, Lawerence Selden, does not have enough money for her to marry him. While at the Bellmont, Lilly learns about the stock market and decides that she would like to get involved in an investment. She asks Gus Trenor to invest a very small amount, different from what he is used to dealing with, for her. Gus agrees enthusiastically because he has, for lack of a better word, a â€Å"crush† on Lilly and is willing to do anything to spend time with her. The stock market pays off for Lilly and she now has a steady income. The money does not last long, though, as she spends it lavishly on clothing and other items. Later, Lilly learns that Trenor has not been ...

The Causal Factors of Divorce in America essays

The Causal Factors of Divorce in America essays It is hypothesized that one causal factor of divorce among heterosexual American couples is financial problems. It is said that the number one cause of divorce is financial problems. No mater how rich or poor a person is, one constant subject of marital disagreements leading to divorce is money. In reality, of course, it is not the lack of money that causes divorce. The vast majority of couples who split cite money as the main or primary factor. A recent study found that 57 percent of divorced couples said financial disputes were a primary cause of marital discord (Larson, Newell, Topham, Nichols, 2002). Ten percent said it was the main cause of divorce. However, the issue of money doesn't always have to lead to the demise of a relationship. For married couples the financial aspect of the relationship actually has some benefits(Johnson, Wright, Ketring, 2002). There is a sense of stability and security when two people can work together and manage money cooperatively (Johnson, Wright, Ketring, 2002). Married couples also enjoy more tax benefits than singles because they are more likely to own a home than to rent. However, money can cause some serious pr oblems in a relationship. While different views about money can lead to strife, experts say many times the issue of money is only the lip of the iceberg for a mound of problems that exist in the relationship (Johnson, Wright, Ketring, 2002). One money issue for couples of today have to deals with is the women bringing home the larger paycheck (Crouter, Sayer, McHale, 2001). Now more women are working and many of them are holding down high-paying, professional jobs. Women generally are the money managers in the relationship responsible for budgeting, balancing the checkbook, etc. with little or no input from their partner(Lavee & Katz, 2002) . This was not much of a problem for couples say, a generation ago, when the man was the primary breadwinner of the household. The resentme...

Outline and assess the different uses of strategy Essay

Outline and assess the different uses of strategy - Essay Example Rivals can have the same goals and objectives like ours. The nature of goals and objectives may be such that their realisation can accommodate only one individual or organisation or only a few individuals and organisations. Thus, strategy must have something to say on how several rivals should be dealt with so an organisation or individual can outsmart rivals. Resources are only available in limited states of abundance and scarcities. Individuals and organisations must therefore took stock of the most relevant resources for meeting goals and objectives and must establish a resource use policy or resource use combinations consistent with the resources that are available in terms of quantity, profile, and abundance. There are also rivals that can be competing for the same resources as well as in the realisation of the same objectives and goals. Goals and objectives are often pursued wherein there are obstacles to their realisation. The obstacle can be apparent or may only emerge in the course of pursuing the goals and objectives. Thus, strategy must be able to identify obstacles and anticipate the possible emergence of obstacles as goals and objectives are pursued. In the pursuit of goals and objectives, there are stakeholders involved. ... It can involve the combination of various forms of organisations, activities, and tools. III. Use of strategy by firms and non-firms Strategies are used by military organisations, businesses, and non-profit organisations. According to MacMillan and Tampoe (2000, p. 170), a business strategy defines the following: the scope of a business the consumer’s current and future needs that it wants to address within its scope of business the specific capabilities that will give its business a competitive advantage and the general conduct that will allow a business to gain territory within its area of business. Earlier, Porter (1996, p. 64) asserted that the essence of strategy is to choose of activities that are different from what rivals do. It can involve cost leadership, differentiation and focus (1996, p. 67). According to Porter (1996, p. 68), at the core, strategy is â€Å"the creation of unique and valuable position, involving a different set of activities†. It involves p ositioning, positioning trade-off, as well as operational effectiveness (Porter 1996, p. 67-68). Alone, however, operational effectiveness is not strategy (Porter 1996, p. 78). Strategy covers what not to do, making trade-offs in competing, and combining activities (Porter 1996, p. 70). It is about a whole system of activities and not just a collection of activities (Porter 1996, p. 70). Strategy also involves forging a fit among activities (Porter 1996, p. 77). Mintzberg (1987, p. 11) described that strategy have two essential characteristics: they are planned in advance and are developed consciously and purposefully (1987, p. 11). At the same time, however, Mintzberg (1987, p. 11) stressed that the field

Outline and explore the importance of a consumer-centric approach in Essay - 1

Outline and explore the importance of a consumer-centric approach in marketing - Essay Example As the number of customers increase, organization has a chance to increase their profits. Secondly, customer-value models play an important role in understanding the consumer behaviour which helps in design desirable products. Besides, customer based models seek to detect changes in customer behaviour patterns and hence helps the organization to adjust its business strategy. On this ground, customer-centric marketing approaches are crucial if organization have to remain profitable with the contemporary business environment. Marketing strategies within an organization has generated a lot of attention within the modern business environment. Marketing seeks to create product awareness within target markets as one way to ensure that customer understand products and are attracted to the organization distribution channels (Cheng & Dogan, 2008). Therefore, marketing ensures that companies push their products towards the customers, as one way of increasing sales within the market. Today, many organizations have appreciated that a customer-centric model is one of the best marketing strategies. A customer-centric marketing model puts customers at the heart of the business and all strategies are directed towards winning the customer (Niininen, Buhalis & March, 2007). The role of a customer within the modern market has increasing generated attention. With increase is competition within the modern markets, customers are becoming important factors while designing marketing strategies. As competition increases, the p rofits decrease and the consumer bargaining power increases in the market. Resultantly, organizations are competing for available customers to ensure that they survive the harsh market times when customers have many options to choose from. Generally, organizations that higher customer share within the market will survive while those that lose customers will eventually collapse. As such, customer based models of

An analysis of the idea of measuring and reporting human capital in Essay

An analysis of the idea of measuring and reporting human capital in the balance sheet - Essay Example 77). Companies including human capital will improve the companies’ goodwill in the external and internal environment. The political economy of the firms will improve when the company illustrate its relationship with different skilled employees since the society will appreciate the move by the firm to treat its employees in the best ways possible since they are part of the society. The company that includes training of its employees in the financial reports creates better coexistence with the government thus increasing their good reputation and in return generate more profits since the government helps it in training and developing employees who are skilled to produce quality goods (Blair 1999, pg. 43). It is important for a company to include equity to portray it does not discriminate against the physically but skilled employees or recruits creates a better image that will shape the scope of the market stock prices. Gender equality will portray better correlation with the society, which is important in expanding their company on its improved goodwill (Wyatt & Frick 2010, pg. 213). The inclusion of human capital in a financial report is very beneficial to firms thus this essay shows the reason behind exclusion of such a beneficial factor in the financial reports of most companies. Financial reports are responsible to portray the company’s financial activities and the best way the company is able to allocate its resources. This information is important to the shareholders or investors, competitors and the society. The shareholders who invest money in the company should have the knowledge of the composition of the employees the company operates with to ensure they make justifiable judgments on the funds to invest (Sveiby 1997, pg. 137). If the company prove that, the employees are talented, innovative, skilled and self-motivated, the shareholders will invest more funds since they are sure the employees at hand will generate more profits making the

Lord God forgive me! Essay Example for Free

Lord God forgive me! Essay The grenade had been thrown and it goes through its stages building up to the horror of the war. (Swish swish swish BANG)! This quote shows that there is silence at first and Sherriff shows what the grenade would do. He shows the tense of the atmosphere for example the type of smooth faint noise the grenade would make when it is in the air and then it builds up to the great noise when the grenade lands on the ground. This quote shows the tense of the atmosphere and the stages it goes through until it seems completely realistic. Sherriff uses the this example in the stage direction to show the horrors of war through the atmosphere, through noises he is able to show the violence there is in the war, this quote can help the director create the scene and help the audience give a better understanding of the horrors of war. R. C Sherriff uses a variety of different structures of language through the characters, he shows the audience on how the soldiers had spoken most of the time through out the war and how they might speak due to their class. For example, upper class soldiers would speak in a more posh accent and have a better use of grammar whereas the lower class soldiers would use army jargon such as minnies and pineapples as well as slang such as characters dropping the letters in some words, for example a soldier says e instead of he. Sherriff had created characters with this characteristic on language so he could show the rank the men are in. Osborne is from an upper class therefore he uses language in a good sense of grammar and he speaks words in a posh accent. Osborne: Cheerio. This quote shows that a character called Osborne is from an upper class since he uses words like Cheerio which is a posh word. Mason a cook who constantly speaks slang shows his characteristics to be from a lower class since he uses that sort of language and has a poor level of work in the war. Mason: E said the leopard cant change its spots. This quote shows that a character called Mason is from the lower class since he speaks slang, for example he drops his h when saying he. Sherriff had initially done this because this reflects the rank the men are from so it can give a clear understanding of the characteristics to the audience. The characters Raleigh and Stanhope are significant roles in the play. Raleigh holds the characteristics of a nai ve, inexperienced and gormless person who had just joined the company. Stanhope, who is more opposite to Raleigh, he runs the company which shows that he is much more experienced. Raliegh had known Stanhope from school even though Stanhope was three years older than Raleigh. The characters mainly represent the horrors of war by talking about violence in their conversations and actually going through the process of it when coming to the points of attacking and fighting. Through out the course of the play the characters interact with each other dramatically and emotionally. Their behaviour reflects how they had survived the war, for example they would try not to talk about bad and emotional events and they would try to adapt to positive points while drinking rum. Stanhope talks about upcoming violent events. Stanhope: We must expect this attack on Thursday morning. This quote shows how the characters would represent the horrors of war by talking about an attack which hold the structures of violence, it makes the audience imagine a fight of some sort and injuries which reflect the horrors of war. When the soldiers were to attend an attack six soldiers went but five came back and one had died which was Osborne. Stanhope: Four men and Raleigh came back sir. Colonel: Im very sorry. Poor Osborne. This quote shows that one of the soldiers had died which shows death as a part of the horrors of war and the men interact kindly with each other at this point because their fellow friend had just died. There are many ways the Stanhope and Raleigh had interacted with each other through out the play. At first points of the play Raleigh was more of the shy person and had seemed more scared to talk to Stanhope. Stanhope: How did you get here? Raleigh: I was told to report to your company, Stanhope. This quote shows how Raleigh had reacted in a more respectable manner and had called him Stanhope instead of his original name, Dennis. In addition this quote shows that Raleigh had deliberately joined Stanhopes company which shows that he cares for Stanhope. The play shows how the soldiers were able to cope with the horrors of war since Stanhope had come back from an attack and he had started to celebrate with the other soldiers as soon as he gets back. Mason: I thought I might tell you sir, this is the last bottle. Stanhope: The last bottle! Why damn it, we brought six. Mason: I know sir, but five of them have gone. This quote shows that even after Osbornes death, the soldiers are not that emotional because they face their problems to alcohol and try not to remember those emotional and heartbreaking moments. This quote shows the behaviour the soldiers had that would help them to cope with the horrors of war. Overall this play shows the horrific effects of war and that it puts a bad example on a person, and soldiers are not treated fairly due to their personal problems. In my opinion I think that there is no reason for war, it does nothing other than create a bigger stage of conflict. It ruins many soldiers life, when they could have had a ordinary life but war can put immediate effect on it. Overall I think that R. C Sherriff had tried to outline the horrors of war, the causes of it and how it can also cause soldiers to suffer. 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The recent demographic, epidemiological and social trends in UK

The recent demographic, epidemiological and social trends in UK This essay is divided into two parts. First part deals generally with the recent demographic, epidemiological and social trends in UK. In demographic trends main concern is population change. The demographic transition model depends on countries mortality and the fertility rates. As these are one of the important deciding factors for population change, though migration is important trend in UK. Next are the epidemiological trends deals with life style diseases, non communicable diseases, mental health, disability etc. Finally, the combination of demographic and epidemiological trends gives the social trends. Second part deals with critically assessing the priorities for public health and health promotion. Because establishing priorities are more essential. Not surprisingly it will deal with obesity, lifestyle diseases, smoking etc., as twenty first century progress, public health and health promotions are the major concerns. The important demographic trends in UK is increasing aging population. According to ONS (2009), the population in united kingdom is ageing with the decrease in the younger population. This trend is seen constantly over past 35 years. Because of growing ageing population. It posed a great political and economic challenge to the country(Squire 2002).Because the life expectancy between 2001 and 2006 was 75.6 for male and 79 for female..There is steady increase in life expectancy of people(Bowling 2005).On the other side there is increase in non communicable diseases which are mainly due to behavioural and sedentary life style changes. These include diabetes, CVD, etc., which are mostly of preventable causes(Shah 2008).When it comes to social trends, it has an impact of both the demographic and epidemiological trends. Like the decreasing trend of labour work, this may be due to many reasons. Although there is a increase in the people who are economically active from 5 million in 1971 to 30.6 million in 2006( ONS 2007). Since this increase in economically active people does not increase the employment rate. There is decrease in the employment rate from 95% in 1971 to 79% in the recent period (ONS 2009) The proportion of percentage of crime is increasing like property crime, card crime or juvenile convictions etc., though the overall crime is decreased from 40% in 1995 to 23% in 2005.With increase in the crime rate, the spending on the other services like social protection is increasing. In 2003 it was  £4,710 per person, which is higher than any other countries. Other spending like those for sick and disabled is increased by means of disability living allowance and attendance allowance (ONS 2007). All the above, trends in the environmental change is present scenario which is concern of most. In the previous years climate change was given low level priority( Doulton and Brown, 2009). Both locally and globally the physical environment and their naturally occurring resources are affected by human activities, which may be due to both industrialization and urbanisation from the act of globalisation(DEBRA, 2009).All these process are due to global warming and climate change, which alm ost increased the temperature of UK. The highest temperature was seen recently in 2005 and the projection also shows that if the emission level is same as now it will have increase in overall temperature of 2- 3.5 degree Celsius by 2080(ONS 2007).In the Kyoto protocol, UK has a target to reduce the emission of green house gases to a level of 12.5% between the year 2008 and 2010(UNFCCC).Even though united kingdom emission reduced to a level, the emission from the aviation industry doubled between the year 1990 and 2004. Generally increased emission of carbon dioxide will have impact at many level, like the recent flood in the November with the collapse of bridges and infrastructure(DEFRA, 2009) and it will have impact economically( Taylor and Ortiz, 2008)According to Greenpeace UK, many people are dying every year because of climate change and in 50 years many species are going for extinction and the government policy needs an action not in words. When it comes trends for health prom otion and public health, following are the problems that getting priority in the recent trend. According to office National Statistics (2007), there are two interrelated factors which affects the demographic change. They are natural change and migration. In 1950s population change is due to natural change. But from 1970s natural population change decreased with decrease in birth rate. From 1980s population increased due to increase in migration level and decreases in death rates. Present trend that is from 2007, the change is equal on both sides. The projections for 2011-2021 show that the population change is due to natural, with increase of 57 % (NSO 2009). In 2005, there was 723,000 live birth when compared with 7000 increase from 2004. It was 34% and 20% fewer births in 1901 and 1971.The reason behind this was due to two world wars ( NSO 2007). The best indicator for peoples health status is life expectancy. It is calculated by the mortality rate of the country(Keith Green 2004).According to guardian.co.uk, the trend in life expectancy are dependent on two classes namely middle and poor class. In which middle class adopt healthy life style and poor will follow unhealthy one like drinking and smoking. The life expectancy for a baby born has reached highest level. This would be like 77.6 years for male and 81.6 years for female. Though females live longer than males, the gap between these two are narrowing. The narrowing is from 6.0 years to 4.2 years in last 25 years. A man at 65 years will live 17.4 years and women will live 20.0 years extra if the mortality rate is same as 2006-2008(ONS 2009).Moreover, the projections for the 2021 is like 80 and over for males and 84 years for females(Scambler 2008).In that, last eleven years of life for females and eight years life for males will lead a poor health(Keith and Green 2004) .Moreover there is increase in the unhealthy life expectancy where the old people are alienated from the modern society(Brown 2008). Ageing is the part of life which leads to debility and dependency but not always with disability(Watson,2008).Many consider chronological age for ageing, but chronological age is rough guide to biological age. Because age is measured by abilities and performance of the individual. Many health and welfare organisation consider age of 70 and 75 years as starting age for elderly than 65 years. (Donaldson Scally, 2009) According to office of National Statistics(2009),the advances in the treatment level and modernization leads to increase in the life expectancy from 85 to 90 years. But according to Donaldson and Scally(2009), increase in older population is not solely due to advances in medical field or technology or new drugs. The reason is decreased mortality of children when compared to early twentieth century where there is more deaths of infant and children. With decline in mortality and birth rate ,which projects older population to be increased(Robson 2006). The population pyramid in the beginning of twentieth century, it resembled like a pyramid with more young at the base and elderly at peak. In contrast twentieth century shows like a chimney than pyramid (Donaldson and Scally, 2009). For more than thirty years, ageing population is increasing with 1.2 million people,16% of them are over 65 years and most of them are in 85 years and more(Robert and Linda 2008).When compared between two years like 1971 and 2007,the population of aged is 0.3 and 1.0 for female ,0.1 and 0.4 for male(ONS, 2009).Although policy matters regarding the ageing like pension, health and social welfare provision which comes under expenditure along with keeping good life(Bowling 2005).However, old age people who need supportive care due to physical and mental debility may have one or more chronic diseases. According to social life cycle and ageing fourth age which has dependency and disability, but many remains in good health(Donaldson and Scally,2009). The policy maker have more concern in enabling the older people to be active, mobile and independence, which will make them to contribute to the society as a whole(Bowling 2005). Donaldson and Scally 2009, underpinned that while setting priorities for health care of old people, it should be categorised in three ways .One is those with good health and require no service, second is one with disabling condition such as stroke or dementia and final one is those experiencing age related problems from frequent falls, sensory deficits and memory loss Next to demographic trends is epidemiological trend which shows the countries health status. United Kingdom health trends basically related to behavioural which are mostly related to diet, smoking, drinking and physical activity. Most of the diseases are interrelated to the one of the sedentary life styles. In the past twenty five years, the prevalence of obesity has doubled (National Obesity Observatory).The prevalence of obesity is increasing 0.8 a year, which is three fold more tan 1980s (WHO Europe,2007).The first and the most important cause of diseases in UK is obesity. It showed a rapid increase in the prevalence of obesity in industrialised world and it is first and foremost cause of diseases (Donaldson and Scally,2009) which leads to reduced level of physical activity which is the part of sedentary life style(Barnett 2005). About 37% of the deaths in a year is due to overweight and obesity, which is the cause for the DALYs in aged people ( Allender Rayner 2007). In 2007,ov er one million where on treatment for obesity with 127,000 and 871,000 in 1999 and 2005(Miller et al,2008). By 2010 it will rise in the prevalence rate to three million, at the time of diagnosis these people will be having 50% long term vascular complications and one third of men and 28% of women will be classed as obese (Barnett 2005). This is growing concern in UK, because the relationship between the obesity with immediate clinical outcome like coronary heart diseases are common(Miller et al,2008).Obesity can be related to many other conditions like mental health, learning disabilities and physical disabilities( Ells et al, 2006).There is strong connection between obesity and other diseases like diabetes, disabilities, mental health etc., Apart from prevalence of obesity in whole population, childhood obesity is alarming in UK due to excessive intake of food and lack of physical activity. This trend is more pronounced in lower socio-economic areas(Pearce et al 2008).In 1955 WHO formed global school health initiative to reduce health problem among young people. As a part of the initiative in UK, National healthy school programme-HSP was formed to tackle childhood obesity. It has given priority to physical activity and healthy eating but not on social exclusion and fails to address experiences of marginalised and vulnerable groups in schools(Curtis 2008). The government policy on white paper like ` choosing the health: making the healthy choices easier the policy was implemented through public services agreement-PSA to halt obesity by 2010.It is delivered through local agency and by UNNAO (Mohetbati et al 2007) There are national targets to reduce children with overweight and obesity by 2000 level. The scheme where imp lemented locally to tackle it. But they are not designed , timetabled, resourced or evaluated(Pearce et al 2008) and there is no adequate attention was given to psychological implication of the intervention. The urgency of childhood obesity was reflected in department of health, the policy in this area of childhood obesity lacked co-ordination, surveillance and screening. It is not precisely articulated and explored (Lake 2009). Another important effect of obesity is diabetes. In UK every one person in three is diagnosed with diabetes(practice Nurse 2009).The prevalence rate increases in faster rate than US and Canada, with increase of 74% in past 6 years(occupational health 2009).It is showed that in 2008 it was 2.5million diagnosed with diabetes against 2.3million in 2007,that is 3.86% and 3.66% (Diabetes UK 2007 and 2008) According to Diabetes UK (2009) ,the projections shows that during 2010 there will be anticipated ageing and with growth of overweight and obesity. And by 2015 obesity will be the extra burden of  £6.3 billion to UK NHS. The country could face a diabetes explosion by 2025 with 4 million people will be affected and 500,000 will live with it unknown. It is blamed to be due to overweight and obesity (Occupation health, 2008). It is getting a major public health problem and it is also root cause of many life style diseases like cardiovascular diseases, stroke , blindness etc., Another beh avioural problem which is also the main cause for the above all diseases are smoking and alcoholism, which are the demographic risk to the population. Smoking is one problem which involves many disciplines of action. 2006 there were 12 million smoker in UK, of which the prevalence is higher among men than women for age groups except between 16-19 years. The gender difference is higher among 25-34 years with 33% for men and 26% for female and lower in those aged 60 years and above(Heartstats.org). There is decline in the prevalence to 21% in the age group of 16 and over by 2007(ONS 2007), but there is no considerable decline in the smoking rate among young women between the ages of 11-18 years(Bowles et al 2009). However in general prevalence is more among unskilled manual jobs than professional jobs (Hillier 2006).In 1974 51% of men and 41% women wants to give up smoking , but in 2005 25 % of men and 23 % of women want to give up cigarette smoking. The gender gap is getting decreased between these two years. But in general 66% of them want to give up smoking(ONS, 2009).The death due to lung cancer range from 90%, 80% to emphysema and bronchitis and 17% to heart diseases(ASH 2007). Moreover, one in three smokers will develop cancer in some stage of life and one in four will die of diseases. Smoking contributes to overall 22% of deaths in UK(ASH 2008).NHS spends around  £ 2.7 billion year for treating diseases caused by smoking(ASH 2009) Cardio vascular diseases is a condition which involves a group of condition which is caused mainly by obesity, diabetes, smoking, alcohol, sedentary life styles, which are interlinked. It includes heart diseases and stroke. It kills one in three people, which can be altered by life style changes(BBC 2008).CVD is biggest killer in the country which contribute to 200,000 deaths a year with highest rate than Europe. The projections for 2050 is every nine out of ten will be overweight and obese, which in turn is a contributing factor for CVD. It poses  £ 30 billion to NHS and to UK economy (Care Quality commission 2009).In 2006, CVD cost 14.4 million for health care system, out of which 72% for hospital care and 20% for drugs. Another important non health care cost is production loss. The financial burden from informal care is due to death and illness during working age. In 2006, informal care caused  £ 8.2 billion to UK government .In an overall it will cost  £ 30.7 billion a yea r (Heartstats.org).The main public health concern regarding CVD is alarming increase in death rate which is due to modifiable risk factors like obesity and smoking. Next common cause of death among the UK people is cancer. The trend of death due to cancer peaked for males during 1984 and fallen during 2007. For females it peaked during 1989 and fallen in 2007.In UK about 50,000 cancer deaths every year (BBC 2007).Cancer is followed by mental health. In the recent past there is strong relationship between mental health and economic downtown. There is a challenge that exist to tackle the mental health without compromising in quality of treatment. All around mental health cost about  £110 billion per year. This is increasing due to recession, unemployment, home repossession etc., The expenditure on mental health will double if the same situation exist( Royal college of psychiatrist 2009).Women are 19.1% higher than men in using mental health services. And old age people using double the size(mental health bulletin 2009).For this government has sorted out some priorities like support to employer from government , Right kind of support to people w ith problem and concentration on research to improve the present situation in co ordination from public health professional. This can done by public mental health approach (Royal college of psychiatrics). Inequalities due to migration are the constant problem in UK. It may be due to the difference in the level of deprivation (Connolly O Reilly 2007). According to ONS (2009), migration in is seen in two levels like immigration and emigration. International migrations contribute to population growth of UK in the recent years. The people emigrated from UK is 427,000 in 2008 which is high when compared to 341,000 in 2007. The number of people emigrated has doubled in A8 accession countries from 25,000 in 2007 to 69,000 in 2008. In contrast, people came to UK in 2008 is 590,000 when compared with 574,100 in 2007. However, there is decrease in NI number allocation between 2007 and 2008 shows that decrease in the number of people came to UK from other countries. There is steady decrease in people immigrating to UK between 2007, it includes both EU and Non EU. But there is sharp increase in people coming for formal study from 27% in 2007 to 32% in 2008(ONS).Immigration causes two problems to NHS, first is the abuse of overseas visitors and second is unchecked permanent migration with major illness and diseases like HIV, Tuberculosis and Hepatitis B. These diseases are communicable, intractable leads to spread which will cause serious public health problems (Moxon 2004).

violence :: essays research papers

In the fictional short story â€Å"The Child by Tiger† no event occurs with out purpose. Authors of fictional short stories have to produce a well-read piece without any excess information or events. Thomas Wolfe was no exception to this rule. He demonstrated a serious fictional short story without any overflow of information or detail. An act of violence in a story provides suspense, drama, mystery, and other specific advantages. Wolfe also displays the result of violent acts, especially in small towns. In â€Å"The Child by Tiger† Dick’s violent act seems both shocking and surprising, but offers and excellent gateway to wrap up the end of a story. The violent act of Dick Prosser, the Shepperton’s servant presents the story with a great crescendo of conflict and suspense. This kind, gentle, respectful man changed suddenly into a cold-blooded killer. The purpose of this violence in the story was to show the reader the need for Dick to be free. Literally, he was free, but because of his position as the Shepperton’s â€Å"Negro man† he was not. He even went as far as to kill people just so he could live his own life. Without the author’s use of violence Dick’s point would not be made as boldly. If he had talked to Mr. Shepperton about his desire to live his own life, it would not have made such an impression on the readers as it did when he became violent. Also, if Dick did in fact speak to Mr. Shepperton about his desire to live his own life and if it was granted to him the story would have had a nice moral, but not offer the same excitement and drama as it did. The reader can also assume that if he was â€Å"freed† that he would have a difficult time trying to find employment and respect because this story takes place about 1937. Another interesting fact bout â€Å"the Child by Tiger† was that Thomas Wolfe provided subtle, yet imperative, foreshadowing to the readers. Throughout the story, a reader could have a feeling that something exciting should be happening but could never be exactly sure. The narrator described Dick as having a muscular build, and when throwing the football he aimed it over his outstretched hands â€Å"as if he were pointing a gun.† We find out that later in the story he does in fact use a gun as a means to try to â€Å"free† himself by killing and injuring several people, before running out of town.

Advance Color Photography

A photograph is a frozen second in time, a token of a memory. If one would really look at any picture, however, a photograph is more complicated than that. Without formal education regarding photography, one cannot fully tell what a good photograph is by simply looking at it. Most of the time even, people say that it is a nice picture if their faces were not construed and their bad angles well kept.People don't often find the difference between black and white pictures and full color pictures. It could be that, in this day and age, color can be considered as a basic necessity, something that can sooth the senses. Likewise, color photography is a technology that allows us to maximize how we keep our memories, which is how we remember it: in full color.In this photography class, we have learned that wasting film is not exactly as it is. With every click of the shutter, we practice. At first, it was quite challenging how one can use an SLR, a camera an average person assume professional photographers use.Although there is much truth in their assumptions, not all the best photographs are taken using such a camera. A simple point and shoot camera can create the best photographs if the handler knows what he is doing.A photographer should know the three basic principles in taking high quality photographs: composition, depth of field, and exposure. Although a point and shoot camera cannot maximize the latter two principles, the composition of an image is the most important element in photography. This is due to the fact that the shutter speed and exposure levels are the elements that gives better effects to pictures.Furthermore, to become a skilled photographer, one should be aware of the other equipment used. A tripod is a fundamental component in taking good pictures. In settings with poor lighting, it is necessary to use a tripod if the camera does not a have a flash, or if it is a kind of night photography. The tripod assists the artist to take clear pictures. A sh aky hand hinders one from capturing a crisp photograph.Different lenses further allows photographers to be more specific in taking pictures. If their object relates to sports, we will need extra lenses that can zoom into moving objects, while maintaining that crisp look. These different kinds of lenses can be necessary for the different specializations different photographers have: portraits, landscapes, architecture, night, still life, journalism, and sports, to name a few.Although I did not learn everything I could have in one course, I have browsed photographs and some basic techniques online. Access is quite easy, and I believe I have the right the maximize this.By taking into my formal studies the extra curricular information I attained, I am able to explore and execute different styles. Other means of sharpening my eye in finding a good photograph was through looking at magazines, newspapers, ads, and even those brochures I can come across.I was browsing in the internet for so me of the best photographs in the recent history when I came across an address that showed the best picks in the year 2005. C.L. Garvin of The Register Herald was one of the artists included in their list.Among all those listed, her photograph was the most serene looking. Her photograph consists of a reflection of a willow, with fall floating on the surface of the water, with the sky as the overall background. The different techniques she incorporated in this photo are also applied by the other photographers in that category.The difference was how they were incorporated. The composition and total appeal of the photograph also brought about its success.In class, we also learned the difference between snapshots and photographs. Snapshots are those pictures we take during parties, special events and documentations hastily. They are usually taken with a simple automatic point and shoot camera without considering the other elements that will make it art.Photographs are taken with a caref ul eye. It doesn't matter if the photo was taken quickly, as long as the photographer keeps in mind the basic elements as he angles his camera to the scene, then it can become art.In color photography, we highly give importance to the role of color to the totality of the image. The different colors used in the composition of the photograph generally sets the mood or tone of the photograph, much like how anything is visually affected by the use of color. In photographs, shades of blue are cool colors, which represent serenity.Warm colors such as yellow and red represent energy, and earth tones are relaxing. The mixture of colors may represented something greater. This means that in taking photographs, the composition of the shot includes balance between the elements and color use.Given that color use in taking pictures can break or make the photograph, the choice of colors to use in the frame is quite vital. The purpose of taking a photograph is not just to freeze time, but also to h ave it represent something more than that, like emotions and thoughts. It is not simply taking a portion of our memories, but also giving it a justifiable aesthetic value.The basic idea is to capture, along with everything within that moment framed. A photographer should also keep in mind the harmony of colors, and how each complement the focal image of the frame.Some experienced photographers will say that those who wish to become an accomplished photographer should simply take a camera, look through the viewer, find an object and press the shutter. That is putting it too mildly. True, some of the best photographs have been taken in an instant.This does not show luck at all, but quick thinking. Moreover, any photographer will not take just one frame of one composition. It can take three frames to 3 rolls to achieve the desired composition and effect of the picture. What is important is that the artist can think fast and be observant enough to find his point of attack.There are basi c guidelines to follow in creating a good photograph. It was mentioned earlier that there are equipment involved. Composition has been long established as a basic principle.However, there are other ways to point the difference between a good and a bad shot. According to another website I came across, the other points one should consider in taking and deliberating the quality of photographs include: irrelevant elements, rule of thirds, lines, frames, camera shots and camera angles.Irrelevant elements include those objects that are not involved in the composition but happened to be captured within the frame. This is unfortunately something we cannot always make do without, especially in a very busy scenario. For example, one picture is focusing on children playing in the park.Parents often see this as a perfect time to have their cameras with them. They bring out the camera and start taking their pictures. Luckily in this age of user friendly digital cameras, one can immediately revie w the shot they took.However, in the time of film, we sometimes find ourselves frustrated when the best picture becomes a disaster as somebody's elbow get in the way, the shot was blurry, or if they weren't even in the frame. It happens, and is often depressing, to find that we don't really know how to take good pictures.The rule of thirds basically imagining dividing the frame into nine boxes, two lines horizontal, and two lines vertical. The idea is to always have this imaginary grid in place every time a picture is being taken. This grid tells us that we should never put the main focus dead center.By putting the focus along these lines, we create a more balanced photograph. The illusion adds depth to the entire image of the photograph. The focus of the photograph would seem out of place if it is at the center of the frame. It will look odd and unattractive.Lines in photographs are elements that adds drama and excitement. It has been said that this technique is quite challenging t o master due to the complexity it adds to the total appeal of the photograph. There are two kinds of lines used in photographs: explicit and implicit. Explicit lines are those close up details of objects, which if taken from a certain angle can be very beautiful.On the other hand, implicit lines are those that are implied in the photo. These lines are also considered as invisible lines because one cannot really see it. These lines have been incorporated from the moment the frame was being composed by the photographer. Furthermore, these lines are not always considered when the photographer takes a picture. Subconsciously, these lines become a guide on how the audience will look at the image.Framing involves what we call the headroom. This element pertains to the space between the edge of the frame and the focus. Also related to the rule of thirds, if the focus of the photograph is not situated in a way that it fills the frame completely. If not, the object should be strategically pl aced that if it doesn't fill the frame, other objects will make up for it. The idea is always to have balance and aesthetic value.Camera Shots will refer to distance of the camera to the object. There are different camera shots a photographer can explore: extreme long shot, long shot, medium shot, close up shot, and extreme close up shot. These shot usually involve a person as reference. Extreme long shot will look like the picture was taken from afar, and the person is only a small percent of the frame.Long shot refers to fitting the person from head to toe within the frame. A medium shot will refer to half the anatomy. The close up shot will refer to the area from the chest up, with sufficient headroom. Lastly, the extreme close up shot would be a very tight frame of a person's face. One should always remember, however, that the frames should never divide the body of a person in a frame at the joints: knees, waist, elbow, and neck.The last of the basic principles discussed by the website I found and was much used as well in class is the camera angle. Five different angles was discussed. The first refers to how the viewer seems to be interacting with the object, this is called a subjective angle. An objective angle on the other hand, refers to how the object is involved his own environment.The other three angles will refer to the point of view of the camera. The first of these is the low angle, where the camera is taking a picture from the lower areas of the object. This gives the object a sense of power and strength.The second angle would be the high angle wherein the camera takes a picture from above the object, giving it the opposite appeal: submission and weakness. The last angle discussed is the oblique angle. Quite an interesting point of view, an artist can explore a lot of different angles that can be both dramatic and playful.However, once a picture is taken, it isn't a quality photograph yet. How pictures are   printed are also taken into consider ation. In this digital era, we can print color photographs in our very homes. Technology really made it easier for us.From our cameras, we upload our photos in computers for retouching and cropping. For black and white photographs, there are specific chemicals used to develop the film, and from that film onto paper. Darkrooms and enlargers are used.However, for colored photographs, conventional printers and photo papers can be used. To have a more than satisfactory output of these pictures, the kinds of printers and papers should be of top quality to have the desired outcome. Today, the different colors used to print are abbreviated as CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow and black). These colors are mixed to form the different colors of the spectrum, producing colorful photographs.The choices made by the photographer regarding these factors in printing highly affect the output of the picture. It is only logical that way. If pictures are printed on low quality papers, through a rather cheap machine, then what else can we expect at the paper tray? If we are really after the best quality, then we should go all the way. Making use of substitutes will not promote everything we desire.Realism in photography is quite a rampant style today. Traced to where photographs are still in forms of paintings, realism is a style which portrays real life: problems, physical appearances, and sometimes morals, as listed by the website aHUNTFOR.Apparently, this style is also used in advocacies and statement artworks tody. The general context involved in realism boils down to the emotions: the feelings during hardship and likewise happiness. It paints reality of that time.When realism first came out as a style of art, all the neglected aspects of their lives were given light. Anyone today can produce quality photographs due to the convenience technology offered. All the other emotions and overlooked issues were given light. This explains the passion people express through advocacy photograp hs. Since they are given the liberty to express themselves, so share what they see through their lenses.This course taught me so much. What I have written here only involves the technical aspects of photography. These are the basic knowledge I need in constructing my own little masterpieces in full color. Printing them out through conventional printers or those in the high end series can only support my photograph. But what matters is my idea is expressed through such a creative means, as photography.Works Citedâ€Å"Basic Rules of Photography.† trem.ca. 20 September 2003. 9 January 2008   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   .â€Å"Best Photographs of 2005.† Avolites Distributors Worldwide. 2005. 9 January 2008   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   .â€Å"Realism.† HuntFor.com. 2007. 9 January 2008 .